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Type | Chemical Composition | |||||||||
AWSA5.1 | AWS A5.1M | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Ni | Cr | Mo | V |
E6011 E6013 | E4311 E4313 | ≤0.20 | ≤1.20 | ≤1.00 | ... | ... | ≤0.30 | ≤0.20 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.08 |
E7016 E7018 | E4916 E4918 | ≤0.15 | ≤1.60 | ≤0.75 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.20 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.08 |
E7018M | E4918M | ≤0.12 | 0.40~1.60 | ≤0.80 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.020 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.35 | ≤0.05 |
E308-16 E308L-16 | E308-17 E308L-17 | ≤0.08 | 0.50~2.50 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.03 | 9.0~11.0 | 18.0~21.0 | ≤0.75 | Cu ≤0.75 |
≤0.04 | ||||||||||
E309 -16 E309L-16 | E309-17 E316-17 | ≤0.15 | 0.50~2.50 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.03 | 12.0~14.0 | 22.0~25.0 | ≤0.75 | Cu ≤0.75 |
≤0.04 | ||||||||||
E316-16 E316-16 | E316L-17 E309L-17 | ≤0.08 | 0.50~2.50 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.03 | 11.0~14.0 | 17.0~20.0 | 2.0~ 3.0 | Cu ≤0.75 |
≤0.04 | ||||||||||
E312-16 | E312-17 | ≤0.15 | 0.50~2.50 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.03 | 8.0~10.5 | 28.0~32.0 | ≤0.75 | Cu ≤0.75 |
Note: E7016 and E7018 components of Mn+Ni+Cr+Mo+VS1.75;stainless steel electrode code interpretation - example E308-XX (E308-15/E308-16/E308-17/E308-26…...), the prefix code isdivided into -1/-2/-4, representing the welding position; the suffix code is divided into -5l-6/-7,in which 5 represents the alkalinity, 6 represents rutile,and 7 represents the titanic acid type. |
Type | Mechanical Properties | ||||||
AWSA5.1 | AWS A5.1M | Tensile Strength Mpa | Yield Strength Mpa | Elongation A (%) | Impact Value | Radio graphics | |
KV2(J) -45℃ | KV2 ()-30℃ | ||||||
E6011 | E4311 | ≥430 | ≥330 | ≥22 | ... | ≥ 27 | Grade ll |
E6013 | E4313 | ≥430 | ≥330 | ≥17 | ... | ... | |
E7016 | E4916 | ≥490 | ≥400 | ≥22 | ≥ 27 | ≥ 27 | Grade l |
E7018 | E4918 | ≥490 | ≥400 | ≥22 | ≥ 27 | ≥ 27 | |
E7018M | E4918M | Normal ≥ 490 | 370~500 | ≥24 | ... | ≥ 67 | |
2.4MM/370~530 | |||||||
E308-XX | ≥550 | ≥30 | |||||
E308L-XX | ≥520 | ||||||
E309-XX | ≥550 | ||||||
E309L-XX | ≥520 | ||||||
E316-XX | ≥520 | ||||||
E316L-XX | ≥490 | ||||||
E312-XX | ≥ 660 | ≥22 | |||||
Note: E6011 has no special requirements for heat preservation furnace and drvina: Environmental temperature: 20~ 40 C;The requirement of E6013 heat preservation furnace is higher than theambient temperature [10C ~20C];Drying requires drying at least 1 hour at 120 C150 C;E7016/E7018/E7018M requirements for heat preservation furnace and drying; Environmentaltemperature: [30C~140C];Drying requires drying at least 1~2 hours at 260℃~425℃; |
1)AWS A5.9: Bare Stainless Steel Welding Wire: AWS A5.9 is the standard for classifying bare solid stainless steel welding electrodes and rods. This material is primarily used for Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW or MIG) and Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW or TIG). The wire is a continuous, solid metal that requires an external shielding gas to protect the weld.The American Welding Society (AWS) has two key standards for stainless steel welding wire: AWS A5.9 and AWS A5.22. These specifications are crucial for ensuring the quality, chemical composition, and performance of welding consumables used to join stainless steel alloys.
2)AWS A5.22: Flux-Cored and Metal-Cored Stainless Steel Electrodes
AWS A5.22 is the standard for flux-cored and metal-cored stainless steel electrodes. Unlike the bare wire in A5.9, these are tubular electrodes. The core contains flux, which provides shielding gas and slag, or a metal alloy powder. They can be used with or without an external shielding gas, depending on the specific classification.
3)Classification System Breakdown
Both standards use a classification code that provides detailed information. For AWS A5.9, a classification like ER308LSi indicates:
ER: Electrode or Rod.
308L: The chemical composition, similar to the 308L stainless steel alloy.
Si: An additional silicon modifier for improved fluidity and weldability
For AWS A5.22, a classification like E309LT1-1 indicates:
E: Electrode.
309L: The chemical composition, similar to the 309L stainless steel alloy.
T: Tubular, flux-cored electrode.
1: All-position welding capability.
1: Specifies the shielding gas and usability.
4)Shielding Method
AWS A5.9 wires require an external shielding gas, typically an Argon-based mixture, to protect the weld pool from atmospheric contaminants.
AWS A5.22 electrodes can be either gas-shielded (FCAW-G) or self-shielded (FCAW-S). The gas-shielded types use an external gas (like CO2), while the self-shielded types rely on the flux core alone for protection, making them ideal for outdoor or windy conditions.
5)Advantages of Each Type
AWS A5.9 wires provide very clean welds with minimal spatter and excellent arc stability, which is a major benefit for aesthetically demanding or sensitive applications.
AWS A5.22 electrodes offer very high deposition rates, allowing for faster welding and increased productivity. The flux in the core also provides a cleaning action, which can be advantageous when welding on steel with some surface contaminants.
Name | Size | Update | Thumbnail | Download |
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Welding Wire Catalogue-giant weld.pdf | 5.54MB | 2025-08-17 | |
Both standards use a specific alphanumeric classification system to provide detailed information about the wire's properties.
For an **AWS A5.9** wire like **ER308LSi**, the "ER" stands for **Electrode or Rod**.
The "308L" indicates that the chemical composition is similar to the popular 308L stainless steel alloy.
The "Si" suffix denotes an addition of silicon for improved weld fluidity and a cleaner weld bead.
For an **AWS A5.22** electrode like **E309LT1-1**, the "E" stands for **Electrode**.
The "309L" again specifies the chemical composition.
The "T" indicates that it is a **Tubular, flux-cored electrode**.
The first "1" after the "T" specifies its all-position welding capability, and the final "1" indicates the specific type of shielding gas and usability characteristics.
The choice between **AWS A5.9** and **A5.22** wires depends heavily on the specific application's requirements.
**AWS A5.9** wires are ideal for applications requiring high precision and excellent weld quality.
They are extensively used in the **food and beverage industry**, **petrochemical plants**, and for fabricating **pressure vessels** and other critical components where weld integrity and cleanliness are paramount.
They are the preferred choice for welding thin-gauge stainless steel.
**AWS A5.22** electrodes are favored for high-productivity welding on thicker materials.
They are often used in **shipbuilding**, **structural fabrication**, and other heavy industries where their high deposition rates can significantly speed up the welding process.
The flux-cored varieties are also excellent for outdoor welding as their self-shielding capabilities offer protection against windy conditions.